315mm Duct


Displaying 1 to 19 (of 19 products)
CA 315 MD E - Centrifugal Inline Duct Fan - 315mm
CA 315 MD E - Centrifugal Inline Duct Fan - 315mm
£ 140.44
• Pickled and phosphated steel housing with polyester powder-coated finish, resistant to the aggressive action of atmospheric agents. • Nominal diameter 315 mm. • 3 speed fan consisting of: ...
EM 315-E2M 01- Etamaster-315
EM 315-E2M 01- Etamaster-315
£ 295.67
Ruck Inline Mixvent Fan - 315mm spigots 3176m3/hr Diagonal impeller with stator With Plastic housing 3-speed motor Integrated thermostatic switch Including mounting bracket See manufact...
ERR 31/1 Centrifugal inline fan
ERR 31/1 Centrifugal inline fan
£ 187.50
The ERR INLINE-METAL is a series of centrifugal in-line fans with the advantage, typical of axial fans, to convey air along the same axis of the impeller. This feature, the limited dimensions and the ...
Etaline 315mm - D2 01 3 Phase
Etaline 315mm - D2 01 3 Phase
£ 399.00
ETALine is a completely new developed fan series with a lot of aerodynamic constructional features applied for the first time in the ventilator industry. Outstanding qualities are the compactness a...
Etaline Max-Fan - 315mm - E2 01
Etaline Max-Fan - 315mm - E2 01
£ 375.00
ETALine Max-Fan is a completely new developed fan series with a lot of aerodynamic constructional features applied for the first time in the ventilator industry. Outstanding qualities are the compa...
EuroSeries - Inline Centrifugal Duct Fan 315mm - SDX315C
EuroSeries - Inline Centrifugal Duct Fan 315mm - SDX315C
£ 232.00
Air Flow 983m³/h Mounting - In Line Duct Size 315mm Supply Voltage 230 V ac Series Euro Special Features 2 Year Warranty, IP54 Terminal Box, Metal Impellers...
Helios GigaBox 315mm GBW 315/4 centrifugal
Helios GigaBox 315mm GBW 315/4 centrifugal
£ 601.63
The Gigabox GBW 315/4 comes complete with discharge adaptor and flexible connector. It is single phase (240V) and speed controllable. All Helios fans are a very high quality product with a huge reput...
Helios RR-315 Centrifugal inline fan
Helios RR-315 Centrifugal inline fan
£ 255.39
For medium to smaller air flow volumes against high resistances. Specifically made for in-duct installation. High pressure characteristic to overcome resistances of bends, filters etc. Universal in a...
IRAB/4 315A N 230V50Hz 355/100 VE - In-Line Duct Fans - 5132933300
IRAB/4 315A N 230V50Hz 355/100 VE - In-Line Duct Fans - 5132933300
£ 1,249.00 now £ 899.00
IRAB/4 315A N 230V50Hz 355/100 VE - In-Line Duct Fans - 5132933300 Insulated rectangular self-cleaning duct fan. Very low profile design. Backward curved centrifugal impeller. Casing manufactured...
Jetflow SJMF 315-1EC
Jetflow SJMF 315-1EC
£ 558.50
Inline mixed flow circular fans with EC motors for low power consumption at high performance. High efficiency jet design double mixed flow impeller integrated and directly driven by Brushless EC mo...
Jetflow-HIT Metal inline - 315mm
Jetflow-HIT Metal inline - 315mm
£ 172.93
Jetflow-HIT 250mm Metal Inline Fan. Duty: 1231 m3/hr. Motor power 156W. 3 speed fan All metal in-line centrifugal fans which are ideally suited to a wide range of commercial and industrial applicatio...
K 315 L Sileo Metal Tube Fan
K 315 L Sileo Metal Tube Fan
£ 296.49
The KL series is designed for installation in ducts. All the K-fans have minimum 25mm long spigot connections. Speed-controllable Integral thermal contacts Can be installed in any position Can be...
KD 315 L1 - High Performance Duct Fan
KD 315 L1 - High Performance Duct Fan
£ 564.90
• High efficiency – low noise • Speed-controllable • Integral thermal contacts • Can be installed in any position • Maintenance-free and reliable The KD series have external rotor mot...
Metal Inline Fan - VENT-315NK
Metal Inline Fan - VENT-315NK
£ 204.97
315mm Inline duct fan. 1364 m3/hr Range of in-line duct centrifugal fans, manufactured from high grade corrosion resistant pressed galvanised steel and supplied as standard with a pre-wired wiring j...
MV EC 315 Multivent
MV EC 315 Multivent
£ 840.48
MV EC 315 Multivent...
Nicotra PFP A3-0280 1F 1300W M6F0 BQE
Nicotra PFP A3-0280 1F 1300W M6F0 BQE
£ 1,434.00
Nicotra PFP A3-0280 1F 1300W M6F0 BQE...
Rosenberg RS-315M.3EF Centrifugal Inline Fan
Rosenberg RS-315M.3EF Centrifugal Inline Fan
£ 355.00
Rosenberg RS-315M.3EF Centrifugal Inline Fan...
TD2000 Mixvent - 315mm
TD2000 Mixvent - 315mm
£ 457.07
Soler & Palau TD2000 Mixvent Series Inline Duct Fan - 315mm Inlet/ Outlet - Airflow 1550/ 2000m3/hr The S&P MIXVENT-TD series of in-line duct fans offer one of the most comprehensive and flexible i...
Displaying 1 to 19 (of 19 products)
1 x Vent Axia ACM 125 T (Timer Model) inline mixed flow duct fan1 x Single phase speed controller by auto-transformer - RMB 1.5 Amp2 x FAST-TRACK RANGE 90mm - Adaptor For Distribution Box3 x MTS10- extractor fan 3 step switch1 x KRJ - 120 Inlet Guard for CBB/CBT fans1 x F7 Mini-Cell panel filter - 594 x 5942 x JETLINE-100 ECOWATT - In Line Centrifugal Duct Fan2 x FAST-TRACK RANGE 90mm - Seal Ring (1 bag of 10)2 x Vent Axia ACM 100 T (Timer Model) inline mixed flow duct fan1 x CMT-2 200/80 1.1KW - Single inlet centrifugal fan direct driven1 x FAST-TRACK RANGE 75mm - Click Ring (1 bag of 10)1 x CBT-100N Centrifugal2 x MTP 10, 10K, Speed control1 x KMBI 180 Connector rectangular/circular to install on the discharge of CMT1 x Control switch - CR1502 x FAST-TRACK RANGE 75mm - Straight Connector1 x KRJ - 160 Inlet Guard for CBB/CBT fans1 x Bathroom Fan -Envirovent- Silent 100 S (Standard Model)2 x Transformer 5 Speed Controller - ATC1-8TK2 x CS2 Current Switch1 x Vent Axia ACM 125 inline mixed flow duct fan2 x ERR 31/1 Centrifugal inline fan1 x Transformer (silent) speed controller - RE 3.0 Amp2 x Speed Controller - REB101 x Speed Controller - REB11 x CBS-60 Outlet Flange for CSB/CBT-601 x Contactor Interface Station - CI91 x TD Mixvent 800/200 EEXEIIT32 x Speed Controller - REB2.5-N1 x QPTW 250C Acoustic Twin Fan with Controller1 x SAVE VSR 300 heat recovery unit2 x CBM Low Pressure Centrifugal Fan - CBM 10/10 4 Pole 550watt CVR1 x Potentiometer EGH 01 - for DDMP Fans1 x Elta Variable Speed Drive IP66 - 2.2KW2 x Rectangular Airbrick Adaptor1 x CBA-100 Inlet Flange for CBT-1002 x CBT-80N Centrifugal1 x CBT-130N Centrifugal1 x ACOAS/ AC/EC Auto Changeover 8Amp1 x CSB-60 Centrifugal fan2 x FAST-TRACK RANGE 75mm - Adjustable Air Restrictor1 x CBM Low Pressure Centrifugal Fan - CBM 12/12 6 Pole 736watt CVR2 x Elta Variable Speed Drive IP66 - 4.0KW1 x KBA- Inlet Mounting 1801 x KBA- Inlet Mounting 2251 x CO2 Room Sensor - CO2-R1 x MEV Spider Additional Spigots1 x CBT-170 Centrifugal2 x CBM 7/9 4p 300W RE-VR1 x CMT-2 180/75 0.75KW - Single inlet centrifugal fan with inlet and outlet flange connections - 200mm1 x CMT-2 120/50 - 0,09Kw - LG270 Single inlet centrifugal fan direct driven1 x 100mm Round Connector with Damper2 x DS-2/2 2-Speed Switch IP54 (Single Phase)2 x CBM Low Pressure Centrifugal Fan - CBM 12/9 6 Pole 736watt C2 x CBB-60N Centrifugal1 x RUCK MTP 20, 10K, Speed control3 x DPD 12PM Delivery Surcharge2 x Duct Termination with Mesh - 100mm3 x Duct Termination with Mesh - 150mm2 x Elta Standard Ambient Flexible Connector - 710mm2 x DDMP 12-09 FLANGE2 x Chaysol DA 7/7 NT (V600002)1 x Vent Axia W300310 Controller Electronic 1.5A2 x CBM 12/9 736W 6PT C - Closed Motor2 x SPI-200 C Iris damper1 x MPC 400 EC T30 - High Temp Acoustic Box Fan1 x AL 315 D2 01 - High Performance Long Cased Axial Fan (3 phase)1 x Elta Standard Ambient Flexible Connector - 250mm2 x Biflow SB250-CON4-1 - High Temperature Bifurcated Fan1 x Transformer 5 Speed Controller - ATC1-10TK2 x DEF-140T Inlet Guard for the CBT-100N2 x Vent Axia ACM 150 inline mixed flow duct fan1 x Vent Axia ACM 200 inline mixed flow duct fan1 x Electronic extractor fan speed controller - FSC 1.52 x Transformer (silent) speed controller - RE 1.5 Amp2 x REE-2 Electronic Speed Controller1 x MTV-1/010 Controller 0 to 10V+3 x PIR Sensor - PIR22 x PIR Sensor - PIR41 x AIRVENT speed control - AIR4019612 x TUNE-R-200-3-M4 - Control Damper1 x Silentub - STUB 2001 x CBM Low Pressure Centrifugal Fan - CBM 9/9 4 Pole 550watt C VR1 x CBT-130N Centrifugal ATEX II 2G Exd IIB T42 x Duct Termination with Mesh - 200mm2 x ELTA - Three Phase Transformer 10amps1 x CBA-130 Inlet Flange for CBT-1301 x CBT-100N Centrifugal ATEX II 2G Exe II T31 x Binks Bullows - Spray Booth Filter1 x Filter Box With F7 Grade Bag Filter - 200mm2 x Biflow SB500-CON2-3 - High Temperature Bifurcated Fan1 x REU 1.5amp Speed control - Two Speed Five-Step Transformer - Trickle and Boost1 x Vent Axia ACM 150 T (Timer Model) inline mixed flow duct fan3 x Transformer 5 Speed Controller - ATC1-4TK1 x Helios TSW 1.5 Amp Transformer speed controller1 x Control with reverse - CR3001 x Vent Axia ACM 100 inline mixed flow duct fan1 x Single phase speed controller by auto-transformer - RMB 3.5 Amp1 x Two Speed Switch - REGUL-21 x Speed Controller - REB32 x REE-1 Electronic Speed Controller1 x Elta 6 Amp Electronic single phase speed controller with TK1 x Systemair Save Connect 2.0 Internet Module2 x RR EC 160 Centrifugal inline fan - Energy Efficient Motor1 x DEF-CBM-RE-7 - Protection Guard1 x Transformer Speed Control - RTRE- 5.0Amp1 x CBM 9-9 550w 4P VR (Open Motor)1 x CBA-60 Inlet Flange for CBT-601 x KMBI 225 Connector rectangular/circular to install on the discharge of CMT2 x Transformer Speed Control - RTRE- 7.0Amp1 x Transformer (silent) speed controller - RE 5.0 Amp2 x SD-MUB Vibration pad set1 x Biflow SB400-CON2-3 - High Temperature Bifurcated Fan1 x KBA- inlet mounting flange for CRMT 2503 x Helios ESA-1 Surface mounted Speed Control 1amp1 x Universal Pipe Fixing Clip1 x Elta SCP315/4-1AC - IP551 x Helios ELS-VNC 1002 x VA 9/2 T - High Temp Axial Fan,1 x DDMP 10-10 1F 1000W M6A2 DA51 x Duct Termination with Mesh - 710mm2 x CBM 12/9 CM/AL 1100W 6PT - Closed Motor1 x 204x60mm Insulated Rectangular Horizontal 90° Bend1 x CBB-80N Centrifugal2 x Elta Standard Ambient Flexible Connector - 800mm1 x Chaysol da 9-7 - 3 Speed1 x WSD 100 (1060x1060x70)2 x 220x90mm Insulated Rectangular Horizontal 90° Bend2 x 220x90mm Insulated Rectangular Horizontal 45° Bend1 x Flat Roof Terminal -OFT 5 - Asphalt1 x Singleflow SSDL200-1EC1 x Flanged Damper 019-0500-STD1 x DDMP 10-10 FLANGE1 x Elta SCP500/4-1AC - IP551 x Jet Fan IV 100-4 IE3 Induction Fan1 x Ancillary Pack for SLC-900 for SLC900/4A-3AC and SLC900/8-3AC1 x BDS 500/560 RA b/d shutter1 x Elta SLC500/4B-1AC - IP551 x MUB 062 630D4 Multibox1 x CAD-COMPACT 900 ADVANCED N8 - MVHR unit1 x Acoustic Box Fans (Inline) - CAB-1002 x DDMP 12-09 1F 1800W M6A4 DA82 x 100mm Round Connector1 x Chaysol DA 7/91 x MV-Silent 350 Bathroom Extractor Fan Kit - Timer1 x REB Ecowatt Speed Control - REB-ECO1 x Chaysol da 9-7 - V7099332 x CBM Low Pressure Centrifugal Fan - CBM 9/9 4 Pole 300watt VR RE1 x Metal Inline Fan - VENT-355N2 x Vertical Cowl - RAV630/7101 x Elta Standard Ambient Flexible Connector - 630mm1 x FU 22 25 Frequency Inverter1 x MUB 042 450EV Sileo Multibox1 x Elta Turboflow-TF - 630mm - Three phase1 x CAD-COMPACT 500 ADVANCED N8 - MVHR unit1 x Metal Inline Fan - VENT-315NK1 x Soler & Palau - Contra Rotating TCBTx2-560 - IP651 x MRAS series fan1 x Elta SCP450/4-3AC - IP551 x Lo-Carbon Sentinel Kinetic BH - LEFT1 x Speed Controller - REB81 x TUNE-R-200-3-M1 - Control Damper1 x FAST-TRACK RANGE 90mm - Click Ring (1 bag of 10)1 x CBM Low Pressure Centrifugal Fan - CBM 10/10 4 Pole 550watt VR1 x BDS 800 RA b/d shutter1 x Speed Controller - REB161 x Elta 6 Amp Electronic single phase speed controller.1 x ACO8AC/EC AutoChangeover panel1 x Helios ZNE Electronic Fan Overrun Timer1 x VTR 500 STD Filter Kit2 x CBM 7/7 147w 4P RE-VR1 x TUNE-R-200-3-M2 - Control Damper1 x TUNE-R-200-3-M3 - Control Damper2 x ELTA - Three Phase Transformer 3amps1 x DDMP 07/07 Mounting Flange1 x TUNE-R-200-3-M0 - Control Damper (NO ACTUATOR)2 x Purlin Box 630/710 for RAW Cowls1 x CBP-9/7-RC2 x Elta SCP500/4-3AC - IP551 x CBM 7/9 6p 72W RE-VR1 x ELTA - Single Phase Transformer 8amps1 x Elta Standard Ambient Flexible Connector - 350mm1 x Dektite Combo Pipe Flashing - DC210REC1 x Duct Termination with Mesh - 250mm1 x DTV200 - Differential Pressure Switch1 x Duct Termination with Mesh - 450mm1 x Impeller Side Guard - 710mm1 x MFL-160 G4 Filter Box1 x Direct Delivery Surcharge1 x Ancillary Pack for SLC-5601 x 150mm Round Connector1 x K 160 EC Circular duct fan1 x 125mm Round Connector1 x Thermostat - Adjustable Room Thermostat - 230V1 x Remote controller FLEX - for VEKO INT1 x Helios TSW 7.5 Amp Transformer speed controller1 x RDS 7 Helios Transformer Controller With Motor Protection1 x RTRD - Three Phase Speed Controller - 2 Amp1 x Isolator Switch - ISOSW1 x TEM 035 - 5 Speed Transformer Speed Control1 x RTRD - Three Phase Speed Controller - 4 Amp1 x Single phase speed controller by auto-transformer - RMB 10.0 Amp1 x EBM-Papst D2E097-BK76-98 Double inlet1 x TG-K3/NTC10-01 - Duct temperature sensor1 x TD Mixvent 1200/315 EEXEIIT31 x Airvent ceiling fan controller1 x Helios HQW-200/2 - IP551 x Skyflow SSR Horizontal Roof Cowl SSR80B2 x Commercial Single or 3 phase Fan Reversing Switch - RS11 x DA9/9-NT2 x Helios TSW 3 Amp Transformer speed controller1 x Transformer Speed Control - RTRE- 1.5Amp1 x VEKA INT 2000/15.0-L1 EKO1 x Silentub - STUB 1001 x Elta Variable Speed Drive IP66 - 0.75KW1 x Singleflow SSDL315-1EC1 x IR24-P - Presence detector1 x DEF-900AN1 x Twinflow STDL315-1EC2 x Ancillary Pack for SLC-800 for 4 Pole and SLC-800/6B-3AC1 x Helios VARW 450/4 - TK2 x 204x60mm Insulated Rectangular Vertical 45° Bend2 x KKS 100 silencer-section - For use with the MUB 100 size Fans.1 x CBM 9/7 4p 420W RE-VR1 x Elta SCP400/4-1AC - IP551 x DDMP 10-08 3F 2210W M6A4 DG01 x CBP-18/18-RC Belt Driven Centrifugal Fans1 x Quietflow SQS250-1ECL - Centrifugal Box Fan2 x 220x90mm Insulated Rectangular Vertical 45° Bend1 x 110 x 54mm Round to Rectangular Adaptor - Long2 x 204x60mm Insulated Rectangular Vertical 90° Bend2 x 204 x 60mm Duct to Fitting Connector for use with Insulated Thermal Ducting1 x Slimline 150 High Efficiency, Low Profile Heat Recovery Unit1 x Elta Standard Ambient Flexible Connector - 450mm3 x TUNE-R-250-3-M0 - Control Damper (NO ACTUATOR)1 x CBMT/Q 200-30 1 HEATER KIT1 x DDMP 12-12 FLANGE2 x Soler & Palau - Contra Rotating TCBTx2-630 - IP651 x Vortice Quadro Micro 100 IT HCS - Humidistat/Timer Version1 x OBD 450x450 - for use with 4WAY-5951 x Filter Box With F7 Grade Bag Filter - 250mm1 x Duct Termination with Mesh - 500mm1 x Chaysol Da 10-10 - 550watt 6p Enclosed Motor1 x EC-Vent Room Unit1 x EMI 200 E2M - Acoustic Inline Mixvent Fan1 x Duct Termination with Mesh - 315mm2 x DDMP 12-12 3F 5700W M6M0 DG71 x Filter Box With F7 Grade Bag Filter - 125mm1 x Spare filter pack for Energi Sava 210 HR unit1 x Mounting Feet (pair) for SB-CON 4001 x Elta Standard Ambient Flexible Connector - 1000mm1 x Multi Input Run On Timer - 0 - 20min - CFCU1 x MWS 5 – Transformer Controller With Motor Protection Unit1 x Push Timer Switch - ZA41 x Helios TSW 0.3Amp Compact Transformer speed controller1 x RTRD - Three Phase Speed Controller - 14 Amp1 x Remote Timer Control - 13511 x ELM 18 EX Flexible Cuff for ERM 181 x Helios HQW-630/4 - IP551 x Elta 3 Amp Electronic single phase speed controller with TK1 x Speed Controller - REB61 x Skyflow SSR Horizontal Roof Cowl SSR31/35B1 x Transformer Speed Control - RTRE- 3.0Amp2 x Speed Controller - REB1-N1 x Elta Standard Ambient Flexible Connector - 560mm1 x Elta 2 Amp Electronic single phase speed controller.1 x REB-CVF 0-10v Controller1 x Multiflow SMB550/4-1AC1 x Mini Diffuser - 100mm1 x Elta Variable Speed Drive IP66 - 1.5KW1 x CMT/4-315/130-4KW - Single inlet centrifugal fan direct driven1 x CBM Low Pressure Centrifugal Fan - CBM 9/7 4 Pole 373watt CVR1 x DDMP 12-12 3F 1810W M6A4 DG01 x CBM 10/10 - 373watt - 6 Pole1 x Quietflow SQS100-1ECL - Centrifugal Box Fan1 x Round ceiling diffuser 250mm1 x ACO3TO-ADS-VFC-7.1A1 x Elta Variable Speed Drive IP66 - 0.37KW (1ph to 3ph)1 x HIMF - Mixed Flow Fan 125mm Inline Fan1 x Duct Termination with Mesh - 560mm1 x Purlin Box 800 for RAW Cowls1 x Biflow SB315-CON4-3 - High Temperature Bifurcated Fan1 x Ancillary Pack for SLC-4001 x MV-Silent 250 Bathroom Extractor Fan Kit - Standard - No Timer1 x SDD-U Anti Vibration Pads1 x Elta SLC560/4C-3AC - IP551 x CBM 7/7 4p 300W RE-VR1 x Elta SCP400/4-3AC - IP551 x Helios SB-200-EC SilentBox Acoustic Inline Fan1 x Elta SCP710-1EC1 x Chaysol Da 12/12 CMAL - 736 Watt - 6 Pole1 x Elta Standard Ambient Flexible Connector - 315mm1 x Elta SCP560/4-1AC - IP551 x Elta HXP 800mm 6-Pole (Three Phase)1 x 100mm Round Equal T Piece1 x Transformer 5 Speed Controller - ATC1-2TK1 x Envirovent 4 Way Remote Control Switch - SWHBKRF-41 x Three Phase Transformer controllers - RMT 1.5 Amp1 x HCFC 1.7 - Reversible Speed Controller for HCF sweep fans1 x Helios TSW 10 Amp Transformer speed controller1 x 7 Day Programmable TIMECLOCK1 x GX6EC - High Performance Extract Fan1 x EC6H - Reversible Group Fan Electronic Controller1 x Envirovent G4 Filter - SL-G4/F71 x KMBI 315 Connector rectangular/circular to install on the discharge of CMT1 x Round ceiling diffuser 400mm1 x RSK400 - Back Draught Shutter1 x CBM Low Pressure Centrifugal Fan - CBM 9/9 4 Pole 550watt 3V (3-Speed)1 x Helios PA10 Speed Potentiometer1 x Round ceiling diffuser 200mm1 x KBA- Inlet Mounting 3151 x CK-60F Kit1 x 204x60mm Insulated Rectangular Horizontal 45° Bend1 x 125mm Round Connector with Damper1 x Duct Termination with Mesh - 355mm1 x TUNE-R-250-2-M4 - Control Damper1 x Elta Skyflow SSRL710-1EC1 x EMI 150L E2M - Acoustic Inline Mixvent Fan1 x Chaysol Da 15/11 CMAL - 2200W 6 Pole - Closed Motor - Three Phase1 x Biflow SB315-CON2-3 - High Temperature Bifurcated Fan1 x 220x90mm Insulated Rectangular Vertical 90° Bend1 x Chaysol Da 12/12 CMAL - 1100W 6 Pole - Closed Motor - Three Phase1 x CBP-7/7-RC1 x CBS-130 Outlet Flange for CBT-1301 x FU 15 16 Frequency Inverter1 x Biflow SB250-CON2-3 - High Temperature Bifurcated Fan1 x 100mm Round 45 Degree Bend1 x ELTA - Single Phase Transformer 10amps1 x DDMP 12-12 1F 1800W M6A4 DA81 x Elta SLC900/8-3AC1 x Ancillary Pack for SB-Biflow 315 model1 x Hydor HCF-6.0 Electronic Speed Controller for HPA plate fans,1 x JETLINE-100 - In Line Centrifugal Duct Fan1 x ELTA - Single Phase Transformer 12amps1 x Elta SCP560/4-3AC - IP551 x Elta SLC1000/4C-3AC - IP551 x Elta SLC900/4B-3AC - IP551 x Elta SLC315/4-3AC - IP551 x Jetflow-HIT Metal inline - 100mm1 x CBMT/Q 400-55 1 HEATER KIT1 x Chaysol da 9-9
Reviews
Duct Mounted Inline Filter - EU4
Duct Mounted Inline Filter - EU4
£ 44.99

Well made and robust, but it was not use for my application ...